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Policy Exchange - Cut ‘jobs tax’ to boost employment and pay
Synopsis
“Injecting an adrenaline shot into the
labour market” would drive up wages and productivity
The government could boost employment, pay and productivity by cutting the
National Insurance (NI) rate for all businesses.
In a report published yesterday, Policy Exchange shows how pay has fallen in
line with output per worker throughout the recession across every region of the
UK and in every sector except agriculture, forestry and fisheries. Both
productivity and pay decreased sharply at the beginning of 2008, falling back
to 2005 levels by the first quarter of 2009.
The think tank argues that wages will begin to rise and productivity will
return to its pre-recession levels as employers take on more staff. However,
providing a boost to the labour market in the form of a cut to the payroll tax
for businesses of all sizes would speed up the rate at which companies take on
more staff. This would reduce unemployment more quickly and force employers to
improve productivity and therefore pay among their workforces.
The report praises recent moves to boost employment, saying that the abolition
of National Insurance for workers under the age of 21 and the introduction of
the Employment Allowance will have a significant impact on young workers and
small businesses respectively. However, most employees work for large
companies, with more than 40% in a workplace with more than 2,500 workers and a
further 13% in a workplace with 500-2,499 workers. A broader response is
therefore required.
The paper urges the Chancellor to increase the threshold at which all
employers, regardless of size, pay National Insurance for each employee they
have on their books. It recommends:
- Increasing the 2015/16 employer National Insurance threshold from £157 to £192 per week (the equivalent of £10,000 per year). This would save employers £250 a year for every person they employ and would mean that employers would no longer pay NI for 900,000 employees. The initiative would reduce government revenues by approximately £5.4 billion in 2015/16.
- The government should de-prioritise increasing Income Tax personal allowance, employee National Insurance or increasing the value of tax credits. At a time when increasing wages relies on utilising the excess supply in the labour market, these approaches do not encourage firms to bring on new workers or utilise their existing workers more. They therefore subsidise low pay, rather than addressing the cause of low pay following the financial crisis.
- The Government should allow the Minimum Wage to return to its 2007 value with two more above-inflation rises in 2015 and 2016. However any permanent increase in the number of workers affected should be resisted. Any significant structural changes and complications (such as having different rates per sector or region) should also be resisted.
Matthew Tinsley, author of the report, said:
“The UK has managed to weather the effects of the recession a lot better
than in previous downturns due to the flexible nature of our jobs market
limiting the extent of unemployment. Employers have kept hold of workers but
they have had lower productivity and therefore lower wage levels.
“Wages will eventually rise as employment levels continue to increase,
with economic growth the key to this recovery. However, the government could
boost the pay packets of thousands of hard working people across the country by
making it easier for businesses of all shapes and sizes to take on more staff,
speeding up the recovery in the labour market. The fairest and most effective
way to achieve this would be via a cut to payroll taxes through a higher
employers National Insurance threshold.”
Stephen Herring, Head of Taxation, Institute of Directors:
"IoD members certainly regard employers’ national insurance
contributions as a payroll tax or, indeed, a jobs tax and would welcome
proposed reforms such as this which are broad based and would simplify the
taxation system. Government reforms to date have often wrongly, in our
members’ views, attempted to target a particular sector or business size
and, accordingly, have been both excessively complex and have not recognised
the interdependency of the economy".
